Yurek, these last days I have been thinking about the subject of the weight of the projectiles and these are my conclusions in relation to the three questions. I dont´t know if they are right:
1- The one oz. projectile will be more restraining by the air that the one of two oz. because in spite of its smaller frontal surface, it is decelerated more due to its smaller mass: F = m x a. The deceleration is finally inversely proportional to the radius (for a espherical projectile). Perhaps however, being the projectile of 1 oz made of lead, and of stone the one of two oz., the effects are compensated and the same range is obtained or even a little more range is reach with the one oz. projectile.
2- The effort to send the one oz. projectile would be something smaller, although for so small proyeciles its weight is almost despicable with respect to the weight of the arm, that it has also to move at the speed of launching, driven mainly by the muscles of the shoulder, that are in charge of the effort. Actually I think that the max. speed of launching of both projectiles would not be very different. But there is another effect to consider, and is the tension in the cords due to the centrifuge force of the projectile, that would be inferior for the small projectile, being left the cords most loose, providing a bad turn around and less strong clutch of the projectile in the pouch, which would be translated in loss of projectil release speed. If in addition we are using a long sling for greater range, the air drag on the cords would even relax them more. Therefore, it seems that the lightest projectile would have more disadvantages, and would be necessary to also resort to very light slings.
3- Considering all this, the problem is to evaluate if the small increase in the speed of launching, due to the smaller weight, compensates the other two negative effects of the greater deceleration and the worse behavior of the sling. This is the tactically important point, to determine the "border" weight of the projectile for a determined sling, below which the range would be lesser than with one heavier. By intuition I place this " border weigh" in 30-40 grams for a very light modern sling. The more light and the less drag it has, the border weight would be also smaller.
I don´t know if your opinions are similar to mine and in any case it is necessary to experiment. The worse thing of all will be to find the very small glandes afther been shooted, ha ha. It will be necessary to engage some meticulous Japanese people you mention

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