There are, as I said, many types of atlatl that it is possible to make, but they can be split into many different basic types. The first basic types are atlatl that can be used to shoot large "bore" shafts, as in, shorter thicker ones, like many archaeologists thought were used, until the early eighties. Then there are the atlatls that are used to shoot small bore darts, essentially massive arrows, which were certainly used in the Americas and Australasia until very recently. These can themselves be separated up. There sturdy atlatls, very rigid, which are merely extensions of the arm. Then there are flexible atlatls, which actually flex themselves, not just the dart. These can also be separated up; there are essentially three types; male, which have a spur sticking above the shaft of the atlatl; female, which have only a large groove to hold the spear or dart; and the mixed type, which have both a groove and a spur. Many atlatl found in North America have what are known as atlatl weights, which are just rocks attached to the underside of the atlatl shaft. These stones come in many types also, and archaeologists are often weighing in with different reasons for their existence. If you look on the internet you can find many pictures of atlatl weights, combined with different theories about what they are for. These weights are most often found on flexible atlatls, and the most interesting theory comes from "Atlatl Bob" Perkins, of
www.atlatl.com, who claims they are a tuning device, tuning the flex of the atlatl itself and the flex of the spear to achieve the maximum effect and range. Atlatls are probably some of the easiest complex weapons to produce; one needn't wait for wood to season so much as for a bow, or find string, or worry about tillering and breaks. An atlatl won't break easily, because, although a lot of stress is placed on it, it is sturdier than a bow, and the stress is less than for a bow. Similarly, the atlatl won't wear out, whereas a bow will and start to follow the string. The atlatl is also basically a wooden sling for throwing long arrows. Look online, in google or msn, for aleut atlatls, aboriginal atlatls, woomeras, native american atlatls, aztec atlatls, and many other atlatl related things. There is loads of information out there, because books on atlatls are difficult to produce and are not cost effective, whereas the internet is. Just like it is for slings.